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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Thomas Maclear</span></span>
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</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Thomas Maclear</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div class="infobox-caption">1833 portrait of Maclear</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1794-03-17</span>)</span>17 March 1794<br><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="Newtownstewart" title="Newtownstewart">Newtownstewart</a>, <a href="County_Tyrone" title="County Tyrone">County Tyrone</a>, Ireland</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">14 July 1879<span style="display:none">(1879-07-14)</span> (aged 85)<br><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="Cape_Town" title="Cape Town">Cape Town</a>, <a href="Cape_Colony" title="Cape Colony">Cape Colony</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation(s)</th><td class="infobox-data role">Astronomer, surgeon</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Awards</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">
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</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="Lalande_Prize" title="Lalande Prize">Lalande Prize</a> (1867)</li><li><a href="Royal_Medal" title="Royal Medal">Royal Medal</a> (1869)</li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table>
<p><b>Thomas Maclear</b> (17 March 1794 – 14 July 1879) was an <a href="Ireland" title="Ireland">Irish</a>-born Cape Colony <a href="Astronomer" title="Astronomer">astronomer</a> who became Her Majesty's astronomer at the <a href="Cape_of_Good_Hope" title="Cape of Good Hope">Cape of Good Hope</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnon1870509_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnon1870509-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2></div>
<p>Born on 17 March 1794, in <a href="Newtownstewart" title="Newtownstewart">Newtownstewart</a>, the eldest son of Rev. James Maclear and Mary Magrath.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1808, he was sent to England to be educated in the medical profession. After passing his examinations, in 1815 he was accepted into the <a href="Royal_College_of_Surgeons" title="Royal College of Surgeons">Royal College of Surgeons</a> of England. He then worked as house-surgeon in the Bedford Infirmary.
</p><p>In 1823, he went into partnership with his uncle at <a href="Biggleswade" title="Biggleswade">Biggleswade</a>, <a href="Bedfordshire" title="Bedfordshire">Bedfordshire</a>. In 1825, he was married to Mary Pearse, the daughter of Theed Pearse, Clerk of the Peace for the county of Bedford.
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2></div>
<p>Maclear had a keen interest in amateur astronomy, and would begin a long association with the <a href="Royal_Astronomical_Society" title="Royal Astronomical Society">Royal Astronomical Society</a>, to which he would be named a Fellow. In 1833, when the post became vacant, he was named as Her Majesty's Astronomer at the <a href="Cape_of_Good_Hope" title="Cape of Good Hope">Cape of Good Hope</a>, and arrived there aboard the <i>Tam O'Shanter</i> with his wife and five daughters, to take up his new duties in 1834. He worked with <a href="John_Herschel" title="John Herschel">John Herschel</a> until 1838, performing a survey of the southern sky, and continued to perform important astronomical observations over several more decades.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClerke1893_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClerke1893-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Maclears and Herschels formed a close friendship, the wives drawn together by the unusual occupations of their husbands and the raising of their large families. Mary Maclear, like Margaret Herschel, was a noted beauty and intelligent, though suffering from extreme deafness.
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<p>Between 1841 and 1848, Maclear would be occupied in performing a <a href="Geodesy" title="Geodesy">geodetic</a> survey for the purpose of recalculating the <a href="Figure_of_the_Earth" title="Figure of the Earth">figure of the Earth</a> (its dimensions and shape) via an <a href="Arc_measurement" title="Arc measurement">arc measurement</a>. He caused a <a href="Maclear's_Beacon" title="Maclear's Beacon">beacon</a> to be erected on top of <a href="Table_Mountain" title="Table Mountain">Table Mountain</a> which was used as a <a href="Triangulation_(surveying)" title="Triangulation (surveying)">triangulation</a> station for the checking of <a href="De_Lacaille's_arc_measurement" class="mw-redirect" title="De Lacaille's arc measurement">de Lacaille's arc measurement</a>.
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<p>He became close friends with <a href="David_Livingstone" title="David Livingstone">David Livingstone</a>, and they shared a common interest in the exploration of Africa. He performed many other useful scientific activities, including collecting meteorological, magnetic and tide data.
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Later_life_and_death">Later life and death</h2></div>
<p>In 1861, his wife died. In 1863, he was granted a pension, but did not retire from the observatory until 1870. He lived thereafter at Grey Villa, Mowbray. By 1876, he had lost his sight, and died on 14 July 1878, aged 85, in <a href="Cape_Town" title="Cape Town">Cape Town</a>. He is buried next to his wife in the grounds of the <a href="Royal_Observatory%2C_Cape_of_Good_Hope" title="Royal Observatory, Cape of Good Hope">Royal Observatory, Cape of Good Hope</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClerke1893_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClerke1893-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards_and_honors">Awards and honors</h2></div>
<ul><li>Knighted in 1860 for his achievements as an astronomer.</li>
<li><a href="Lalande_Prize" title="Lalande Prize">Lalande Prize</a> (1866)</li>
<li><a href="Royal_Medal" title="Royal Medal">Royal Medal</a> of the Royal Society (1869), for his measurement of an <a href="Arc_of_the_meridian" class="mw-redirect" title="Arc of the meridian">arc of the meridian</a> in the 1840s.</li>
<li>The crater <a href="Maclear_(crater)" title="Maclear (crater)">Maclear</a> on the <a href="Moon" title="Moon">Moon</a> is named after him; as is <a href="Maclear's_Beacon" title="Maclear's Beacon">Maclear's Beacon</a> on <a href="Table_Mountain" title="Table Mountain">Table Mountain</a>; the South African town, <a href="Maclear%2C_Eastern_Cape" class="mw-redirect" title="Maclear, Eastern Cape">Maclear, Eastern Cape</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-Raper1989_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Raper1989-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="Cape_Maclear" title="Cape Maclear">Cape Maclear</a> in Malawi, so named by his friend <a href="David_Livingstone" title="David Livingstone">David Livingstone</a>.</li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div>
<ul><li><a href="John_Maclear" title="John Maclear">John Maclear</a>, his son, was an admiral in the Royal Navy, and commander of the 1873–1876 <a href="HMS_Challenger_(1858)" title="HMS Challenger (1858)">HMS <i>Challenger</i></a> expedition</li>
<li><a href="Charles_Piazzi_Smyth" title="Charles Piazzi Smyth">Charles Piazzi Smyth</a></li>
<li><a href="Edward_James_Stone" title="Edward James Stone">Edward James Stone</a></li>
<li>His grandson, <a href="Basil_Maclear" title="Basil Maclear">Basil Maclear</a>, was an Irish rugby international, who was killed in action during <a href="World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2></div>
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<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnon1870509-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnon1870509_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAnon1870">Anon 1870</a>, p. 509.</span>
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</style><cite id="CITEREFElliott2007" class="citation book cs1">Elliott, Ian (2007). "Maclear, Thomas". <i>The Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers</i>. New York: Springer. pp. <span class="nowrap">722–</span>723. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2F978-0-387-30400-7_881">10.1007/978-0-387-30400-7_881</a>. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-387-30400-7</bdi>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEClerke1893-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClerke1893_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClerke1893_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFClerke1893">Clerke 1893</a>.</span>
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<li id="cite_note-Raper1989-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Raper1989_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFRaper1989" class="citation book cs1">Raper, P. E. (1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/DictionaryOfSouthernAfricanPlaceNames/SaPlaceNames#page/n287/mode/2up"><i>Dictionary of Southern African Place Names</i></a>. Jonathan Ball Publishers. p. 288. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-947464-04-2</bdi> – via <a href="Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a>.</cite></span>
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>
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<ul><li><cite id="CITEREFAnon1870" class="citation book cs1">Anon (1870). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=d-sNAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA509"><i>The Royal Kalendar, and Court and City Register for England, Scotland, Ireland, and the Colonies</i></a>. London: R & A Suttaby.</cite></li>
<li><cite id="CITEREFClerke1893" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Clerke, Agnes Mary (1893). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Maclear, Thomas"><a class="external text external" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography,_1885-1900/Maclear,_Thomas">"Maclear, Thomas" </a></span>. In <a href="Sidney_Lee" title="Sidney Lee">Lee, Sidney</a> (ed.). <i><a href="Dictionary_of_National_Biography" title="Dictionary of National Biography">Dictionary of National Biography</a></i>. Vol. 35. London: Smith, Elder & Co.</cite></li></ul>
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>
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<div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Thomas_Maclear" class="extiw external" title="commons:Category:Thomas Maclear">Thomas Maclear</a></span>.</div></div>
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<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.s2a3.org.za/bio/Biograph_final.php?serial=1791">Biography of Thomas Maclear</a> at the <a href="Southern_Africa_Association_for_the_Advancement_of_Science" title="Southern Africa Association for the Advancement of Science">S2A3</a> Biographical Database of Southern African Science</li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/people/bios/maclear-t.htm">Thomas Maclear 1794–1879</a> – SA History</li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://assa.saao.ac.za/sections/history/astronomers/maclear_t">South African Astronomical Observatory History</a></li></ul>
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</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2617295#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1809" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2617295#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1809" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Authority control databases </div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000029419375">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/59124200">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.worldcat.org/fast/162757">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJvXmMjFc38R4kV7XCbmVC">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/105540936X">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n85208798">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb121665538">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb121665538">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p070422656">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text external" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=495/150114">Vatican</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Maclear, Thomas"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3318/dib.005248.v1">Ireland</a></span></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/031159818">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w64n0vrt">SNAC</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lux.collections.yale.edu/view/person/cfa26584-9a26-43f5-9b08-ff3c0db67fd0">Yale LUX</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><!--htdig_noindex--><div><div class="zim-footer">
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